HOW DOES THE PHILIPPINE ELECTORAL SYSTEM WORK?
We all know that key people are being elected in different positions. But, do we really know how the system works? How does one become elected? What is the process? Skip those long descriptions on Google because we got you covered.
Election History
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Branches of Government
There are three (3) branches of government: Executive, Legislative, and Judicial. One branch cannot function without the others. Our daily lives depend on how well these three branches work together. Over the course of the pandemic, we have come to realize that we should be more well-informed about our government so that we can vote for our next government leaders wisely.
Carries out and enforces laws
Composed of the President and the Vice President, the cabinet, executive departments, independent agencies, and other boards, commisions, and committees.
Authorized to make, alter, and repeal law.
Composed of the Senate "Upper House" and House of Representatives "Lower House". They also review proposed laws (bills) and other measures relating to issues and concerns affecting citizens' lives, communities, and society.
Evaluates & interprets the meaning of laws, applies laws to individual cases, and decides if laws violate the Constitution.
Made up of Supreme Court and Lower Courts. The determine whether or not there is grave abuse in the government based on what their roles and jurisdiction is.
Positions to vote for
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President
Vice President
Senators
Congressmen &
Representatives
Mayor
Barangay
Captain
Sangguniang
Kabataan
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The President
Terms: 6 years with no provision for re-election.
Function: the President exercises control over all the executive departments, bureaus, and offices. He is also the commander-in-chief of all Armed Forces of the Philippines
Qualifications:
(1) Natural born and registered voter of the Philippines
(2) Must have resided in the Philippines 10 years before election is held
(3) Must be able to read & write
The Vice President
Terms: 6 years, and may run for re-election once
Function: the second-in-command; mandated to assume the presidency in case of the death, disability, or resignation of the incumbent President
Qualifications:
(1) Natural born and registered voter of the Philippines
(2) Must have resided in the Philippines 10 years before election is held
(3) Must be able to read & write
The Senators
Terms: Elected every 3-6 years with max. 2 consecutive terms
Function: assists congress in creating bills and resolutions by improving existing laws through amendments and examining budget and how public money is spent
Qualifications:
(1) Natural born citizen and registered voter of the Philipppines
(2) Resident of the Philippines for not less than two years before election day
(3) Must be able to read & write
(4) At least 35 years of age
The Congressmen & Representatives
Terms: 3 years with max. 3 consecutive terms
Function: author bills and resolutions by improving existing laws through amendments; has power to impeach certain officials and all money bills must originate from the lower house.
Qualifications:
(1) Natural born citizen and registered voter of the Philipppines
(2) Resident thereof for a period of not less than one year immediately preceding the day of the election
(3) Must be able to read & write
(4) At least 25 years of age
The Mayor
Terms: 3 year terms with max. 3 consecutive terms Cannot run right after their 3rd term, but can again after they let 1 term pass
Function: reside at council meetings and to act as head of the city for ceremonial purposes and for purposes of military law
Qualifications:
(1) Natural born citizen of the Philippines
(2) Registered voter in constituent area and
(3) Must have lived in constituent area in not less than 1 year before election
(4) At least 23 years old in highly urbanized cities;
At least 21 years old in component cities and municipalities;
(5) Must be able to read and write Filipino or any other local language or dialect
The Barangay Captain
Terms: 3 year with max. 3 consecutive terms
Function: enforces all laws and ordinances applicable, and maintains peace and public order within the barangay
Qualifications:
(1) Natural born citizen and registered voter of the Philippines
(2) Must have lived in constituent area in not less than 1 year before election
(3) Must be able to read and write Filipino or any local dialect/language
(4) At least 18 years of age on election day
The Sangguniang Kabataan
Terms: 3 year term
Function: becomes Chairman of Committee on youth and Sports and represents the youth in barangay council meetings. leads local youth programs
Qualifications:
(1) Natural born citizen of the Philippines and registered voter
(2) Must have lived in constituent barangay in not less than 1 year before election
(3) Qualified voter of the Katipunan ng Kabataan
(4) At least 18 - 24 years of age
(5) Able to read and write Filiipno,English, or the local dialect/language
(6) Must not be related within the 2nd civil degree of consanguinity or affinity to any incumbent elected national, regional, city, municipal, or barangay official
Must not have committed any crime involving moral turpitude
Election Timeline
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January 25
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February 25
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March 25
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April 25
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May 15
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May 25
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June 25
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July 25
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Why Voting Matters
Strong Institutions are one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations, and the act of voting and appointing government officials is a right afforded to every citizen once they turn 19. They have the power to make their voices heard just by going through the process of registering.
What if I failed to register?
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WHO WE ARE
Vote Pilipinas is the official Voter Information Campaign partner of the Commission on Elections.
Vote Pilipinas is a non-profit, non-partisan online and offline information campaign aimed at mobilizing Filipinos to register to vote for the upcoming national and local 2022 elections.
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